Study And Analysis On The Banking Sector Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 20 Words: 6087 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? A vibrant and proactive sector on which the economy of any nation depends on is the banking sector. The Banking sector thrives on the provision of an enabling environment for business transactions and further improvement of its services portfolio to its customers. Strategic planning in the banking sector encourages bank growth which affect prosperity; it involves a long term planning taking into attention, The Banking sector represents a trading unit of an economy. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Study And Analysis On The Banking Sector Finance Essay" essay for you Create order It strives on providing an enabling environment for business transaction and continuous improvement of its customer services. Strategic planning in banking enhances the growth of banks, which subsequently effects prosperity. It involves a long term planning with consideration for opportunities and threats posed by the external environment. In order for banks to achieve its objectives effectively and to ensure the satisfaction of its clients, well defined strategies are required during decision making and policy formulation/application. Katuri(2005, p.1) state that advancements in technology however, has brought about a paradigm shift from traditional banking practices by banks to offering Internet based banking services such as Automated Teller machine [ATM], Electronic banking ,Mobile Banking which collectively ease difficulty in banking like cost effectiveness and timely delivery of transactions other products and services As further emphasized by Nair (2005, p.151), the usef ulness of information technology in the field of banking has become intensive. Nair (2005) also opines that technology has become an enabler for the needs of customers and banks to be met especially, as needs of customers lifestyle keep changing overtime. The growth of technology has bridged the bottlenecks in product delivery to customers. Nair (2005) believes the embracing of technology by banks as a strategic and calculated attempt to improve productivity, profits, reduction of operational cost and efficiency. ABA (2004) and Fox (2005) likewise believe that electronic banking services rendered by the banking sector are often customized towards the retention of existing customers, acquisition of new customers and ultimately improvement in productivity levels, so as to gain a competitive edge in customer retention over traditional banks (who do not readily embrace e-banking). The utmost concern in a world of developed information technology is how the gap of time, distance ca n be bridged while at the same time maintaining effectiveness and accuracy. New trends in information technology have indicated that barriers such as time and distance could be bridged while effectively maintaining efficiency in the provision of banking services to customers. The age of internet explosion has been a great relief to the factors constraining the effectiveness and awareness in both social and transaction world. Ganti (2005, p.56) stated that the introduction of -banking shows a paradigm shift in the customer relationship marketing environment for banks. It has repositioned the modern banking sector, subsequently creating unlimited opportunities with customers becoming sophisticated. In the transactional world, the era of internet explosion has tremendously improved the banking sector through the system Known as ELECTRONIC BANKING. In recent years the Banking sector witnessed the coming of age in Electronic banking and decline of traditional way of banking practi ces, research carried in 2004 by American bankers Association[ABA] evidence shows that banks offering electronic based banking services gain higher advantage in servicing banking. Electronic banking usage by banks are targeted at reducing operational cost thereby sustaining efficiency and increasing market share while retaining its customers (ABA 2004, Fox 2005).Despite the explosion, a new market based services is being offered by Electronic banking. The Stewart Brandley (2002) in their case study titled A delphi study of drivers and inhibitors of internet banking indicates that countries of the world have been able to embrace the system; while some countries have advanced tremendously, others are yet struggling with constraints. The advanced countries known as technologically developed nations such as UK and USA have maximized the potentials of Information Technology in banking while developing countries such as Nigeria and Egypt are yet to fully adopt the new trend i n banking technology. Ovia (2001) states that the factors constraining the growth of Electronic banking in developing countries are: Illiteracy Poor infrastructure: High cost of Telecommunication Power supply Security Lack of awareness Illiteracy The above listed constraints are huge impediments towards the adoption of e-banking in Nigeria. The study about Nigeria shows pinpoints the majority of Nigerian nationals as rural dwellers, therefore a good enlightenment campaign will result in a remarkable increase in the banking sector and the subsequent usage of electronic banking service offerings. However, it is worthy to categorically state that technological advancement has been a major driving force of GLOBALISATION. The effects of globalization on e-banking is such that technology-related advancements achieved via e-banking has provided a solution to the problems of distance and time subsequently ensuring that customers can transact business and gain acce ss to new markets easily. 1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 1.2.1 AIMS The study aims to identify and discuss the impact of information technology on customers in the retail banking industry with special emphasis on the Nigerian environment as a case study. Also, factors that influence the customers in the adoption of technology, low awareness levels of technological offerings will be discussed. The affinity of Nigerian banks toward the information technology platform would also be considered. 1.2.2 OBJECTIVES Definition of e-banking and the analysis of the advances in e-banking since its introduction in the Nigerian banking industry. Identification of the advantages e-banking brings to the banking industry. Discussion of the effect e-banking has on customers and an insight into their level of electronic usage or experience. Research and analysis of e-banking products/services/portfolio provided by banks to their customers. Identify reasons for under-development of e-banking in Nigeria To make recommendations for the modernization and development of the e-banking platform. 1.3 MOTIVATION BEHIND RESEARCH TOPIC In recent years the technological advancements has necessitated the move towards technological development in Nigeria. It is a developing country with a population of about 140 million people, and its a country with huge telecommunication growth in Africa over the past 10 years. The country has experienced an impressive level of development in tele-density (number of telephone lines per population unit, usually 100 people) from a tele-density of 0.73 in 2001 to 46.80 in 2009 (Nigeria Communications Commission [NCC], 2009). The explosion in tele-density has immensely improved the growth rate obtained in various industries. However, despite the explosion in telecommunication activities in the Nigerian environment, Nigeria is still to meet up with the advancement in technology like other developed countries such as the United kingdom. However, (Ovia,2001) also believes that the move towards technological advancement is hampered due to lack of proper infrastructure such as power supply, communication and security is also a major problem. These are recognized as potentially huge impediment to the economic development and advancement in technology 1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH TOPIC The importance of this research is such that it emphasizes the merits and demerit of e-banking in the Nigerian retail banking industry. Subsequently, information gathered and researched would provide a good starting point towards suggestions on the improvement of banking services in Nigeria, but most importantly the formulation and implementation of policies that will incorporate technological improvements such as e-banking in the pot-pourri of banking services available to the Nigerian public. The Nigerian banking sector has not been spared with the banking boom era of the 90s which did not last long- a situation which saw many banks closing down and the eventual loss of public confidence in the banking industry, consequently leading to the creation of the failed bank tribunal by the government. The banking boom is back but the banks are facing stiff competition in retaining their customers, their customer retention ability will depend on the information technology infrastru cture available. However, global recession in 2008 was marked coincidentally by failures of banks and unstable slip in economic statistics. Based on these premise, the global recession will not affect e-banking services in Nigeria due to its relatively new introduction to the Nigerian retail banking industry, and as illustrated by Fox (2005) and ABA (2004) evidence proves that banks offering these internet based pot-pourri of services are better positioned in retaining customers than traditional non electronic banking banks. 1.5 PROJECT CONSTRAINTS Time: Availability of time will be at a premium all through the duration of the project. Factors to also consider in the estimation of available time towards the project are coursework from other taught units and examinations. Non-commitment from respondents: Low or no response from client that are to be interviewed or not getting the information needed because is view as classified documents by the client company. Also respondents not returning questionnaires are a major constraint. 1.6 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The research methods that will be adopted are the primary and secondary data methods. Primary research method will involve the use of surveys for data collection: statistical data. The research technique shall be questionnaires given out randomly to people in the Lagos metropolis and bank personnel. However, the secondary research shall be based on data collection from different websites of banks and on existing factors to support the research work. Also, the University library and the internet will be a major source of information. 1.7 STRUCTURE OF THE PROJECT This research begins with an introduction in chapter 1. Chapter 2 centers on the review of related literature. Subsequently, it covers detailed explanation on facts outlined, advantages and disadvantages. Chapter 3 shall explain the different research methodologies and reasons for using the chosen methodology. The evaluation of secondary research will be included. And chapter 4 shall give a full analysis and interpretation of results from primary research information and the future of electronic banking in Nigeria. While chapter 5 shall look at the research findings and chapter 6 looks at the conclusion and recommendations. METHODOLOGY 3.1 RESEARCH METHODS The research methodology is classified into two groups and the information gathered is analyzed as quantitative or qualitative data. PRIMARY RESEARCH The primary research involves communicative interaction with people. The information gathered will be analyzed to ensure its usefulness to answer the research question and for the research purpose. The information needed will be collected by questionnaire surveys, focus group, content analysis and observation. SECONDARY RESEARCH The secondary research entails the processing of information that has been previously analyzed and used for further analysis. This information can be assembled from prior research studies, journals, books, articles and online materials. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages and the suitable approach is to understand the rationale for the evaluation of the survey, the required information and the number of respondents required to arrive at a conclusion on research findings. The credibili ty and date of publication must also be put into consideration when applying secondary data to avoid erroneous outcomes. Since the main aim of the research is to select a method that meets the research objectives, secondary data may not have dealt with the current topic or may be outdated so it is essential for a primary research. That notwithstanding, some disadvantages of the primary method is it is time consuming because information is critically analyzed to get accuracy in results. 3.2 METHOD CHOSEN With regards to this research, both methods were used because Electronic banking is still relatively new in contemporary networking circles and previous research in this area is limited in comparison to other related topics. One reason for choosing the primary data is because it is believed to be versatile and flexible in nature. The performance ordinarily has a more profound effect on the survey results than has any other single element of survey (Alreck Settle 2004, p.89). While secondary research allows for comparism of data collected from previous studies, they are required for guidance of the primary research (Frankfort Nachmias 1996, p.306). However the use of only secondary research will not give the required results. Through secondary research, banks adoption of Electronic banking in relation to the level of customer adoption and service rendered and the evaluation of secondary research data have aided in scrutinizing problems associated with the research topic. Furthe rmore, analyzing to what extent Electronic banking is adopted by Nigerian banks and customers level of adoption of these services. Valuable information was retrieved from secondary research in the analysis of the research topic. However, some limitations were that collated data was not enough to summarize and draw conclusions and so the use of primary method (Questionnaire) was applied to ascertain the authenticity of information obtained from secondary data was accurate. However the limitation of using a primary research is slow response from respondents and some not even returning the questionnaire. The objectives of the primary research is To identify the level of adoption of customers to Electronic banking. To research and analyze the degree of Electronic banking services offered by banks. The questionnaires were distributed via email. Another format for this was personal interview with banks with some open ended questions such as What measures are on ground to en hance internet banking security? This allowed for respondents to answer the questions freely without restriction of options. The information retrieved was accurate because all banks have distinctive security software in operation. The second format, the close ended questionnaire, was for respondents to fill, with a number of options to choose from. This is fast and easy to return without delay. 3.3 THE RESEARCH PLAN The research plan is a blueprint of sampling unit, sampling frame, sampling procedures and design. The sample unit was in form of a survey carried out within the heart of commerce in Nigeria, Lagos state. The sampling frame comprises of all the banks in the Lagos metropolis and with a sample size of 10 to enable good response for accuracy than loads of questionnaires filled incorrectly. The method used was stratified sampling to ensure diverse groups of people were well represented in the sample and to also increase accuracy level in the estimation of parameters. The sampling procedure was in two parts with focus aimed at two groups. The first is the service provider i.e. the banks, comprising of the old and new generation banks. The second is the service users i.e. customers. The total of questionnaires that were distributed was 80 and 68 was returned. The questions were directed toward the students, working class and to the general public as well as tailored questions towards int ernet usage accessibility and electronic banking service awareness. The researcher gathered useful information with the adoption of this method and the same question was sent to all respondents for ease of analysis and because the viability and reliability of a research study largely depends on information consistency to obtain reliable results. 3.4 ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY DATA Data assembled from previous research was beneficial in evaluating the research topic. When considering secondary research, the data analyzed does not meet the researchers need as results were not completely accurate in fulfilling the aims of the research. Despite this limitation, a careful examination was made to ensure that data collected were from sources that could justify precise information and to also ensure accurate documentation of findings is presented correctly after evaluation. The secondary data was analysis on works done at Nigerian institutions, Obafemi Awolowo University and the University of Benin. However, the research aim differs from the research project as the focus was Electronic banking in Nigeria. Nonetheless, important information was retrieved for the aim of drawing conclusions. 3.5 SUMMARY In the methodology chapter, the various available research methods have been examined and have been used to justify a chosen method. A sample size would have generated a more accurate result but despite this and the limitations faced, evaluating secondary data has assisted in consolidating research findings. RESEARCH ANALYSIS 4.1 INTRODUCTION In this chapter, analysis will be carried out on data that are gathered from the survey findings. Primary data of Questionnaire A was to the service users or exploiters. This was oriented for the accessibility of the internet and having knowledge of electronic banking. And Questionnaire B of the primary data was to the service supplier or providers. And to analyse the secondary data and equating solutions from primary data in order to break down the findings and to check if the research question has been correctly answered. In order to involve all the categories of respondents the questionnaires were randomly sent out and wasnt for just a particular group. With this method the researcher will be able to gather information required for the research aim, and the research findings will be well analysed. The total of questionnaires that were distributed was 80 and 68 was returned, electronic banking users were 72% while non electronic banking was 28%. Regardless of the little number of that responded, due to response, the rates of questionnaires are usually below 40% and results should still be broadly acceptable stated by (Cano, 2008) which has guide the researcher to resolve that a 30% response rate would be regarded valid for this research and results purpose. 4.2 Questionnaire A For easier and more detailed analysis of the information gathered, the results of questionnaires were put into charts and graph. According to Nachmias and Guerrero (2006, p.329) using a chart from the results gives way for simpler explanation for understanding. 4.2.1 Questionnaire Results Question 1: What is your Gender? Male = 43 responses Female = 25 responses In figure 4.1 the chart below shows the average of male and female respondents. The male respondents were averaged up to 65% while the female respondents were 35%. This indicates the increase of male users of electronic banking is more than the female users. Figure 4.1 Male and Female Respondents. Question 2: What age category do you fall into? 18 30 = 28 responses 31 40 = 21 responses 41 50 = 12 responses 51 64 = 7 responses 65 and Above = None In figure 4.2 the graph below, is the representation of age respondents who brought back questionnaires, 42% falls under the ages of 18 30 years, 32% falls under 31 40 years and another 18% was 41 50 years while ages 51 64 was 8% but they was no feedback on the 65 and above. Research made shows that ages 65 and above fall under the retirement stage or age and majority of them do not comprehend the utility of new technologies. However, Matilia Pento (2002) indicates the majority of electronic banking users are comparatively young and have been educated to use computers and the internet. This also shows that electronic banking in the society is mainly members of the working class. Figure 4.2 Age Category of Respondents. Question 3: What your level of education? O Levels = 9 responses BSc = 31 responses OND = 4 responses HND = 15 responses MBA = 9 responses In figure 4.3 this chart below shows the different respondents educational level is shown. 50% are University graduates (Bsc) holders, 20% are higher national diploma (HND) holders while master business administration (MBA) and O level holders shares the same average with 12% each. This shows that electronic banking users are educated. Sathye (1999, p.326) aver that people using electronic banking are well and highly educated. Figure 4.3 Educational Levels of Respondents. Question 4: What is your occupation? Accountants = 11 responses Doctors = 8 responses Engineers = 11 responses Lawyers = 4 responses Others = 20 responses Students = 11 responses Teachers = 4 responses In figure 4.4 the chart below is a representation of different respondents occupation from questionnaires that were returned. Accountants, Students and engineers share the same percentage with 16% each, Lawyers and Teachers also share the same percentage with 8.5% each, Doctors were 10 % and for respondents with other occupations which are not listed like farmers, traders and so on were 25%. Figure 4.4 Occupations of Respondents. Question 5: Do you have internet experience? Yes = 52 responses No = 17 responses In figure 4.5 the chart below represents the average of respondents that has experience with the internet which is 85% while the average of respondents without internet experience is 15% which makes a huge difference between them. Figure 4.5 Respondents With Internet Experience. Question 6: Do you have internet access? Yes = 45 responses No = 23 responsses In figure 4.6 the chart below is the representation of the total average of respondents that gave on questionnaires. In this chart 72% agreed and said yes to have access to the internet while 28% said NO they dont have access to the internet. Figure 4.6 Respondents With Internet Access. Question 7: How frequently do you use the internet? Often/Daily = 24 responses Few times a week = 19 responses Once in 2 weeks = 11 responses Once in 4 weeks = 8 responses Once in 6 weeks = 6 responses Once in 2months = 2 responses In figure 4.7 the frequency of internet usage is shown in the chart below. 35% of respondents use the internet often/daily, many respondents which average to 40.5% use the internet a couple of times a week, 10.5% use the internet once in two weeks, 8% use the internet once in a 4weeks, 4% use the internet once in 6 weeks, while 2% use the internet once every 2months. With research on respondents that are under categories 40.5% and 35% were people who have full-time office jobs and have internet access in their workplace and some who could afford internet in their homes. Figure 4.7 Frequencies of Internet Users. Question 8: Are you aware of electronic banking? Yes = 59 responses No = 9 responses In figure 4.8 the chart below the average of respondents aware of electronic banking are shown. 92% of the average represents those aware of electronic banking while 8% were not aware of electronic banking. Figure 4.8 Awareness of E-Banking of Respondents. Question 9: Do you have experience with any electronic banking service? Yes = 49 responses No = 19 responses In figure 4.9 the average of respondents that use electronic banking. 74% of respondents said yes for using one form of electronic banking or the other, and 26% of respondents said no. Nevertheless 25% out of the 74% respondents said they dont know the type of electronic banking they use, and they were added to the 74% because the answer yes on question on if they have used any form of electronic banking service. Figure 4.9 Respondents That Have Experience With E-Banking. Question 10: Which type of electronic banking service do you use? Online Banking = 14 responses ATM = 32 responses Telephone banking = 11 responses Post banking = 7 responses Branch banking = 4 responses In figure 4.10 this chart shows the total average of respondents using any form of electronic banking. The Automated Teller Machine (ATM) has the highest amount of respondents with 60%. The ATM is virtually the most utilized source of electronic banking for the respondents. The ATM is a single machine that has several features such as check onscreen balance, pays cash, prints account statement and so on. The ATM is widely known and is the most popular electronic banking source and the reason for this is that its easy to use and its convenience for accessing your account anywhere 24 hours a day 7 days a week without stepping into the bank. 17% of respondents uses online banking and another 15% of respondents use telephone banking. These two sources of electronic ba king are mainly used by business people or companies for transaction, direct debit and so on. 3% of respondents also use post banking and 5% use branch banking. Figure 4.10 E-Banking Preferred Options By Respondents. Question 11: How frequently do you use electronic banking services? Often/Daily = 32 responses Few times a week = 20 responses Once in 3 weeks = 10 responses Once in 6 weeks = 8 responses Once in 2months = 6 responses In figure 4.11 this chart shows the frequency of electronic banking usage is shown below. 54% use e-banking service very often, 24% of respondents use e-banking service once a week, 15% use electronic banking once in 3 weeks, 4.5% use the service once in 6 weeks while 2.5% use electronic banking service once in 2 months. This shows that users are increasingly adapting to the style of electronic banking. Figure 4.11 E-Banking Usages of Respondents. 4.2.2 Summary The survey results have actually shown the level of internet experience and the accessibility to internet by customers/clients. The customers/clients awareness of electronic banking was also shown; it could be viewed by the average of respondents using some of the electronic banking system such as Automated Teller Machine, Online banking and Telephone banking. With the automated teller machines (ATMs) having up to 60% of electronic banking awareness simply means its the most commonly used service. The ATM is easy to use and could be accessible anywhere 24 hours a day 7 days a week. Nevertheless a significant amount of respondents dont know the kind of electronic banking service they use; shown in the questionnaires that was returned. So therefore it is the banks responsibility to educate customers/client on these electronic banking services and their benefits. 4.3 Questionnaire B In this part questions are being directed to the banks to measure the kinds of electronic banking services they offer, and what they benefit from the services. Also, for any advertisement to attract new customers and to improve customer satisfaction. The two banks that were interviewed had one form of electronic banking system or the other. Both banks are being categorized into two different classes, old generation bank and new generation bank. The table below shows both banks that were interviewed and the electronic banking services they render, and they are into Mobile or Telephone banking service, Automated Teller Machine (ATM) service, Branch banking service and Online banking service. Nevertheless, both banks are not into Post banking service. One of the questions asked is if electronic banking has improved their place in the banking world and both banks replied with the same answer yes, that means the help of electronic banking has increased their in the industry and has g iven them the edge over competitors that have not yet applied these new technologies. However, the satisfactory level for customers has also increased and one of the reasons for that is because customers now have 24 hours access. The banks themselves has also benefited from the introduction of electronic banking in the sense that it has been helpful to reduce cost and man power. Research results from the banks that were interviewed shows that the banks has invested so much on security for the safety of customers to protect them from electronic theft. So therefore the installation security softwares has given banks the opportunity to protect customers personal information and to gain trust from their customers. Another question asked was if they have any advertising or improvement plans on electronic banking services, and both banks said yes to the question and are making plans for introducing internet access with a mobile phone and advertising it in public places such as shopping malls, post office and fuel stations for the improvement of electronic banking to catch the attention for new customers. Then the last question asked was how much is their estimated yearly turnover since electronic banking was introduced. The table shows results in a clearer understanding. Names Of Banks Electronic banking services Electronic banking services provided Has it Enhance Position Reduction of operational Cost Improved Customers Satisfaction Software in Used Plans for improvement Turn over Union Bank PLC Yes Online banking, telephone banking, ATM and Branch banking Yes Yes Yes Transactional code Internet access with mobile phone 93.7b Guarantee Trust Bank Yes Online banking, telephone banking, ATM and Branch banking Yes Yes Yes Transactional code Internet access with mobile phone 91.2b 4.4 Secondary Data Analysis In this section the focus is on two various research survey carried out by some Nigerian institutions. After analyzing this research, it will be utilized in results comparison from primary research. Franfort (2006, p.206) suggests more credibility will be gain on research finding if it comes out in number of reports and when collected data is analyzed in different times. It can also be utilized to explain and describe change. Nevertheless, some specific research purpose was not met by researcher in the survey from early research. Instead, it is more focused on the adoption of electronic banking and providing the use of electronic payment services in Nigeria. This is seen in the secondary research as a major limitation, regardless of this limitation the use of secondary research was utilized as a technical compliment review of literature and primary research for the aim of verifying and testing results. These permit researchers to make conclusive findings. 4.4.1 Research Survey 1 4.4.1.1 Background The adoption of electronic banking in Nigeria was the name of the title of this research which was handled by chiemeke in 2006, a Nigerian senior lecturer of computer science department in the University of Benin Nigeria. The aim of this research is to measure the stage of electronic banking services rendered by banks after deregulating the banking society and component that affects its adoption. The method used in the survey has a similarity with Diniz, (1998) model for evaluating status of the banks websites for transaction channels, Information delivery, Security level and customer relationship. 4.4.1.2 Results from Finding The research result on electronic banking services reveals that it has been rendered from the basic level of fundamental interaction. In the evaluation, out of 12 points score the results was between 4.5 and 11 points which means the basic level were high. However, as the interactivity level increases the scores reduces. Likewise, the outcome of functionality which was between 4 and 9.5 out of a total of 12 points, which indicate all banks do have information sites. Nevertheless, they were low scores on the transactional level of functionality which was between the range of 0.5 and 4.5. These indicate that electronic banking services rendered were on a low level. In addition, the score for the security level were also low with 47.7 percent adopted security level. However, some other known facts affecting electronic banking in Nigeria were poor power supply and unsatisfactory operational infrastructure. The aim of the research was at the banks and the adoption of electronic banki ng services rendered such as customer relationship, Transaction channels, Security level and information delivery and with the customers level of awareness of online banking service had no attention. The research questions of researchers were not answered, but nevertheless the transaction level of functionality questions were partly answered on the research question. This reason is probably because the two banks questioned are already offering one form of electronic banking service or the other. 4.4.2 Research Survey 2 4.4.2.1 Background The title of this research was called Telephone banking services and electronic payment system in Nigeria. Agboola conducted this research in 2006, another Nigerian senior lecturer in the Obafemi Awolowo University Nigeria. The evaluation of Telephone banking service and electronic payment system offered and used by Nigerian banks was the aim of this research. The method used on the research was the distribution of questionnaires and interview of banks personnel. As at that time chosen sample size was 36 banks out of the 89 banks. 4.4.2.2 Result from Findings The adoption rate of e-payment services results from analysis revealed that the most adopted technology is the Local Area Network (LAN) out of the 36 banks interviewed 35 banks adopted it. Likewise, out of the 36 banks interviewed 34 banks have adopted MICR cheques and already put to full use. Nevertheless, some technologies had low adoption rates. Telephone banking was one for them with a low adoption rate of 22%, the adoption rate for Automated Teller Machine (ATM) was 16.7% while the Home and office e-banking was 19.4%. This research supports the Chiemeka (2006) finding of inadequate power supply and poor operational infrastructure. Consequently, the focus of this research was on electronic payment devices used by banks and not on the awareness level of customers or e-banking adoption. However, to some extent the research question was answered, this observation could be seen from results with the adoption rate on telephone banking and 22% and the ATM having 16.7%. this shows that the banks are gradually adopting to these services. 4.4.3 Summary Identification of some form e-banking supporting the primary research has been identified by both research surveys. This clearly indicates the gradual process of customers adoption to these services and e-banking is been offered by the banks to some extent. RESEARCH FINDINGS 5.1 INTRODUCTION In this chapter, conclusions will be drawn on research findings and analysis from previous chapters will serve as a review mechanism for the aims and objectives of this project. 5.2 RESEARCH FINDINGS The non adoptions of electronic banking were the key elements that were discussed from the review of associated literatures. In previous research, indications showing the huge impediment to non adoption of electronic banking were lack of awareness and security. Meanwhile electronic banking from retail banks point of view is seen as a competitive advantage retaining their customers and the banks will greatly depend on their new technology adoption in the banking sector and with the advancement of technologies they can compete and be ahead of their competitors, this clearly means adoption electronic banking services has greater advantages over its disadvantages. The aims of the research were to analyse the level of customers awareness to electronic banking services and the rate of adoption of electronic banking service by Nigerian banks. Results from survey shows that electronic banking services are already in use by the two banks that were interviewed but both banks were not into post banking and the two banks are also introducing internet access with a mobile phone and advertising it in public places such as shopping malls, post office and fuel stations for the improvement of electronic banking to have a competitive advantage in the market, to retain existing customers and to catch the attention for new customers. However, the adoption of electronic banking and the level of awareness from customer shows 72% of respondents have access to internet while 28% do not have access to the internet. The level of internet experience and frequent use of computers in their workplace allows accessibility to the internet by customers/clients. On electronic banking level of awareness and the usage of its services, the percentage of respondents that are aware of electronic banking 92% and just 8% were not aware, and with another large 74% claim they are electronic banking users while 26% do not make use of electronic banking, and to a surprise 25% out of the 74% do not even know the type of electronic banking service they are using and this was because the electronic banking services listed on the questionnaire were not known as types of electronic banking by these respondents which still falls back to customers lack of awareness. Consequently, the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) has up to 60% adoption according to questionnaire results on the types on of electronic banking services being used, the ATM is easy to use, has 24 hours access and very convenient it is also said to have met customers needs. This research findings has endorsed (Agboola, 2006) on adopting automated payment systems gradually and less use of cash. Likewise, an interesting point noticed from the questionnaire results is the difference between male and female users using electronic banking services. These results shows that they are more male users using electronic services than the female with 65% male respondent s using these to 35% female, and this is because more male find the interest of going to the cyber cafà © and using the internet and by using the internet they get to actually know more about electronic banking services. However, questionnaire results for the educational level and age range of respondents shows that between ages 21 30 and 31 40 are highly educated and use the internet frequently, and their educational level in the questionnaire results, research findings indicates that users using electronic banking are educated and young. (Pento, 2002) findings indicate that users of electronic banking are well educated and have good experience using the internet, and most of them have access to the internet in their place of work and for those that can afford it get it have it in their homes. And a major barrier still affecting the adoption of electronic in Nigeria is still illiteracy according to (Ovia, 2001). From the secondary data findings of the research shows that the banks elementary stage has low adoption rate of electronic payment systems, banks should have informative websites rather than Transactional websites. However, primary research findings indicates that the bank interview all have electronic banking services rendered and have also laid down plans on how to improve electronic banking services in the future and obviously from the research results the banks and customers has made progressive acceptance on electronic banking services. 5.3 SUMMARY On research findings from the above discussion, it ought to have been seen that the introduction of electronic banking by banks has given them the opportunity to gain competitive advantage to attract new customers and to retain old ones and also to take up technical challenges. However, it is important that the banks educate their customers on the benefits and importance electronic banking could bring and to always upgrade their websites to be transactional and also to make their operational infrastructure get better. But if they dont the banks have the problem of customers low adoption will remain. In conclusion, some issues have to be addressed for the future of electronic banking in developing countries such as Nigeria, is the creation of awareness, security and constraints like poor infrastructure. Consequently, if these issues are addressed more customers will adopt electronic banking and the Nigerian banks would be able to gain global presence. Results from reviewing liter ature on electronic banking shows its jussive mood to investigate, the customers level of adoption in Nigeria and suggests key solutions to the constraints affecting electronic banking in Nigeria. All the same electronic banking has come to stay and has been well appreciated in the world and has given developing countries a future in the global economy.

Colloquialism - Definition and Examples in English

An informal expression that is more often used in casual conversation than in formal speech or writing. Colloquialisms are not  substandard or illiterate speech, says  Maity Schrecengost. Rather, they are idioms, conversational phrases, and informal speech patterns often common to a particular region or nationality. Not found everywhere,  colloquialisms are  words and phrases that we learn at home rather than at school (Writing Whizardry, 2010). Etymology:From the Latin, conversation Examples and Observations: Friends of the chancellor revealed that he had described Labour MPs as disappointing numpties, a colloquialism meaning idiots.(Neil Rafferty, Queen Opens a Pricey Piece of Scots History. The Sunday Times, Oct. 10, 2004)Latinas are in oppressive structures. We can fool ourselves, but wed still be getting dumped on.(Felix M. Padilla, The Struggle of Latino/Latina University Students. Psychology Press, 1997)Over and over, I would read her account of the turning point in her career--the night she got her first standing ovation, hours after being dumped by her fiance because she wouldnt quit acting.(K.D. Miller, Standing Up Naked and Turning Around Very Slowly. Writers Talking, ed. by John Metcalf and Claire Wilkshire. Porcupines Quill, 2003)Anyway, the baby calf was standing right underneath its mother, just kind of walking around, and the mother cow took a dump on the baby calfs head.(Stephen Chbosky, The Perks of Being a Wallflower. Pocket Books, 1999)Informal Writing and Speech[O]ver the last generation or so writing has become more informal than it ever was before. The area of highly formal writing has shrunk considerably; it is now confined to state papers, articles in learned publications, commencement addresses (and by no means all of those), legal documents, court decisions, and prefaces to dictionaries. Other writing has become quite hospitable to so-called colloquialisms; it has become more informal, more relaxed, more familiar, more casual.(Theodore Bernstein, The Careful Writer. Simon Schuster, 1995)Three types of commonly used casual language include slang, colloquialisms, and euphemisms. Slang is an informal nonstandard vocabulary, usually made up of arbitrarily changed words. A colloquialism is a local or regional informal dialect or expression. A euphemism substitutes an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. When our language is too casual, audiences might not be able to follow the main ideas o f the speech, or they become confused or uncomfortable.(Cindy L. Griffin, Invitation to Public Speaking, 3rd ed. Wadsworth, Cengage, 2009)Advice on Using Colloquialisms in WritingIf you use a colloquialism or a slang word or phrase, simply use it; do not draw attention to it by enclosing it in quotation marks. To do so is to put on airs, as though you were inviting the reader to join you in a select society of those who know better.(William Strunk, Jr., and E.B. White, The Elements of Style, 4th ed. Longman, 1999)The Force of ColloquialismsSlang or colloquialisms--as the boundaries are blurred these days it is hard to tell which is which--has particularly potent force in describing mental or physical characteristics of our fellow man. Think of somebody who has got the bump, or is potty, or even randy, or saucy, or fly, or bent, or tasty (an adjective susceptible of more than one slang usage), or has become poleaxed, or flattened, or shafted, and one begins to realise how widespread such usages are.(Simon Heffer, Strictly English: The Correct Way to Write . . . and Why It Matters. Random House, 2011)Dated Colloquialisms (1950s)U.S. colloquialisms evolve slowly. Jag, tops, dude stayed around for decades before they began to lose their freshness. But jazz lingo becomes obsolescent almost as fast as it reaches the public ear. A term of high approbation in the swing era was out of this world, in the bop era it was gone, and today it is the greatest or the end. Similarly, a daring performance was hot, then cool, and now is far out.(Far-Out Words for Cats. Time magazine, Nov. 8, 1954)The Lighter Side of ColloquialismsHoward Wolowitz  [on the phone]: Sweetie, uh, listen, I need to go, but Ill see you tonight? Bye-bye. Bye-bye. No, you hang up first. Hello?Raj Koothrappali: Dude, Im glad you finally got a girlfriend, but do you have to do that lovey-dovey stuff in front of those of us who dont?Sheldon Cooper: Actually, he might have to. Theres an economic concept kno wn as a positional good, in which an object is only valued by the possessor because its not possessed by others. The term was coined in 1976 by economist Fred Hirsch to replace the more colloquial but less precise neener-neener.(Simon Helberg,  Kunal Nayyar, and Jim Parsons in The Large Hadron Collision. The Big Bang Theory, 2010)

Audie Murphy in World War II

The sixth of twelve children, Audie Murphy was born June 20, 1925 (adjusted to 1924) in Kingston, TX. The son poor sharecroppers Emmett and Josie Murphy, Audie grew on farms in the area and attended school in Celeste. His education was cut short in 1936 when his father abandoned the family. Left with only a fifth-grade education, Murphy began working on local farms as a laborer to help support his family. A gifted hunter, he felt that the skill was necessary for feeding his siblings. Murphys situation worsened on May 23, 1941, with the death of his mother. Joining the Army Though he attempted to support the family on his own by working various jobs, Murphy was ultimately forced to place his three youngest siblings in an orphanage. This was done with the blessing of his older, married sister Corrine. Long believing that the military offered a chance to escape poverty, he attempted to enlist following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor that December. As he was only sixteen years old, Murphy was rejected by recruiters for being underage. In June 1942, shortly after his seventeenth birthday, Corrine adjusted Murphys birth certificate to make it appear that he was eighteen. Approaching the US Marine Corps and US Army Airborne, Murphy was rejected due to his small stature (55, 110 lbs.). He was similarly rejected by the US Navy. Pressing on, he ultimately achieved success with the US Army and enlisted at Greenville, TX on June 30. Ordered to Camp Wolters, TX, Murphy began basic training. During part of the course, he passed out leading his company commander to consider transferring him to cook school. Resisting this, Murphy completed basic training and transferred to Fort Meade, MD for infantry training. Murphy Goes to War Finishing the course, Murphy received an assignment to 3rd Platoon, Baker Company, 1st Battalion, 15th Infantry Regiment, 3rd Infantry Division in Casablanca, Morocco. Arriving in early 1943, he began training for the invasion of Sicily. Moving forward on July 10, 1943, Murphy participated in the 3rd Divisions assault landings near Licata and served a division runner. Promoted to corporal five days later, he used his marksmanship skills on a scouting patrol to kill two Italian officers attempting to escape on horseback near Canicatti. Over the coming weeks, Murphy took part in the 3rd Divisions advance on Palermo but also contracted malaria. Decorations in Italy With the conclusion of the campaign on Sicily, Murphy and the division shifted into training for the invasion of Italy. Coming ashore at Salerno on September 18, nine days after the initial Allied landings, the 3rd Division immediately went into action and began an advance to and across the Volturno River before reaching Cassino. In the course of the fighting, Murphy led a night patrol that was ambushed. Remaining calm, he directed his men in turning back the German attack and captured several prisoners. This action resulted in a promotion to sergeant on December 13. Pulled from the front near Cassino, the 3rd Division took part in the landings at Anzio on January 22, 1944. Due to a malaria recurrence, Murphy, now a staff sergeant, missed the initial landings but rejoined the division a week later. During the course of the fighting around Anzio, Murphy, now a staff sergeant, earned two Bronze Stars for heroism in action. The first was awarded for his actions on March 2 and the second for destroying a German tank on May 8. With the fall of Rome in June, Murphy and the 3rd Division were withdrawn and began preparing to land in Southern France as part of Operation Dragoon. Embarking, the division landed near St. Tropez on August 15. Murphys Heroism in France On the day he came ashore, Murphys good friend Lattie Tipton was killed by a German soldier who was feigning surrender. Incensed, Murphy stormed forward and single-handedly wiped out the enemy machine gun nest before using the German weapon to clear several adjacent German positions. For his heroism, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. As the 3rd Division drove north into France, Murphy continued his outstanding performance in combat. On October 2 he won a Silver Star for clearing a machine gun position near Cleurie Quarry. This was followed a by a second award for advancing to direct artillery near Le Tholy. In recognition of Murphys stellar performance, he received a battlefield commission to second lieutenant on October 14. Now leading his platoon, Murphy was wounded in the hip later that month and spent ten weeks recovering. Returning to his unit still bandaged, he was made company commander on January 25, 1945, and promptly took some shrapnel from an exploding mortar round. Remaining in command, his company went into action the next day along the south edge of the Riedwihr Woods near Holtzwihr, France. Under heavy enemy pressure and with only nineteen men remaining, Murphy ordered the survivors to fall back. As they withdrew, Murphy remained in place providing covering fire. Expending his ammunition, he climbed atop a burning M10 tank destroyer and used its .50 cal. machine gun to hold the Germans at bay while also calling in artillery fire on the enemy position. Despite being wounded in the leg, Murphy continued this fight for nearly an hour until his men began moving forward again. Organizing a counterattack, Murphy, aided by air support, drove the Germans from Holtzwihr. In recognition of his stand, he received the Medal of Honor on June 2, 1945. When later asked why he had mounted the machine gun at Holtzwihr, Murphy replied: They were killing my friends. Returning Home Removed from the field, Murphy was made a liaison officer and promoted to first lieutenant on February 22. In recognition of his overall performance between January 22 to February 18, Murphy received the Legion of Merit. With the conclusion of World War II in Europe, he was sent home and arrived in San Antonio, TX on June 14. Hailed as the most-decorated American soldier of the conflict, Murphy was a national hero and the subject of parades, banquets, and appeared on the cover of Life magazine. Though formal inquiries were made regarding obtaining Murphy an appointment to West Point, it issue was later dropped. Officially assigned to Fort Sam Houston following his return from Europe, he was formally discharged from the US Army on September 21, 1945. That same month, actor James Cagney invited Murphy to Hollywood to pursue an acting career. Later Life Removing his younger siblings from the orphanage, Murphy took Cagney up on his offer. As he worked to establish himself as an actor, Murphy was plagued by issues that would now be diagnosed as post-traumatic stress disorder stemming from his time in combat. Suffering from headaches, nightmares, and vomiting as well as displaying alarming behavior at times towards friends and family, he developed a reliance on sleeping pills. Recognizing this, Murphy locked himself in a hotel room for a week to break the addition. An advocate for the needs of veterans, he later spoke openly about his struggles and worked to draw attention to both the physical and psychological needs of those soldiers returning from the Korean and Vietnam Wars. Though acting work was scarce at first, he earned critical acclaim for his role in 1951s The Red Badge of Courage and four years later starred in the adaptation of his autobiography To Hell and Back. During this time, Murphy also resumed his military career as a captain in the 36th Infantry Division, Texas National Guard.  Juggling this role with his film studio responsibilities, he worked to instruct new guardsmen as well as aided in recruiting efforts. Promoted to major in 1956, Murphy requested inactive status a year later. Over the next twenty-five years, Murphy made forty-four films with most of them being Westerns. In addition, he made several television appearances and later received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Also a successful country songwriter, Murphy was tragically killed when his plane crashed into Brush Mountain near Catawba, VA on May 28, 1971. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery on June 7. Though Medal of Honor recipients are entitled to have their headstones decorated with gold leaf, Murphy had previously requested that his remain plain like that of other common soldiers. In recognition of his career and efforts to aid veterans, the Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital in San Antonio, TX was named in his honor in 1971. Audie Murphys Decorations Medal of HonorDistinguished Service CrossSilver Star with First Oak Leaf ClusterBronze Star Medal with V Device and First Oak Leaf ClusterPurple Heart with Second Oak Leaf ClusterLegion of MeritGood Conduct MedalDistinguished Unit Emblem with First Oak Leaf ClusterAmerican Campaign MedalEuropean-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with one silver service star, three bronze service stars and one bronze service arrowheadWorld War II Victory MedalCombat Infantry BadgeMarksman Badge with Rifle BarExpert Badge with Bayonet BarFrench Fourragere in Colors of the Croix de GuerreFrench Legion of Honor, Grade of ChevalierFrench Croix de Guerre with silver starBelgian Croix de Guerre 1940 with Palm Sources Texas Historical Association: Audie MurphyAudie L. Murphy Memorial WebsiteArlington Cemetery: Audie L. Murphy

Important Concepts on Film Edition - 862 Words

Section 1F 1. Define parallel editing, montage sequence, and master shot, using Nichols. Give an example of parallel editing that you notice in The Terminator. a. Parallel editing is method of editing scenes that shows two separate incidents happening at once. In The Terminator, this editing method was used when, after calling Sarah Conner pretending to be her mom, the terminator comes to the hotel that she and Kyle were staying at. During this scene, the scene where Sarah Conner and Kyle are talking and preparing to leave and the scene where the terminator is approaching the hotel crosscuts. Thus, the audience knows that the danger is approaching. b. Montage sequence is group of shots that marks the change in time or â€Å"the unfolding of a process.† (Nichols, 2010) c. Master shot is a shot that provides an overview of the scene showing all the characters’ movement and gestures. It is different from establishing shot in that establishing shot often puts a bigger action into play. In The Terminator, master shot is applied when Kyle, in the future world, enters the underground hut where human beings stay, master shot is used to show the movement and gestures of Kyle and all the other soldiers. 2. Briefly summarize Pudovkin’s essay on editing. What does he see as the function of editing in relation to narrative? What is his argument concerning â€Å"editing as an instrument of impression†? a. Pudovkin, through his essay, states that combination of different shots canShow MoreRelatedDefinition of Mass Media1699 Words   |  7 Pagesby thinking about how the mass media can be defined. Breaking down the concept of a ‘mass media’ into its constituent parts... A medium is a ‘channel of communication’ - a means through which people send and receive information. The printed word, for example, is a medium; when we read a newspaper or magazine, something is communicated to us in some way. Similarly, electronic forms of communication television, telephones, film and such like - are media (the plural of medium). Mass, as you probablyRead MoreSummary Of The Banking Concept Of Education1519 Words   |  7 PagesDominants and Subordinates in Education In â€Å"The ‘Banking’ Concept of Education,† from the Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Revised Edition, Paulo Freire discusses two different types of education: â€Å"banking† and problem-posing. The banking concept of education is when teachers â€Å"make deposits which the students patiently receive, memorize, and repeat† (318), and ‘problem posing’ is when the teachers and students are equal. Instead of being treated as human beings that have their own thoughts and ideas,Read MoreEssay on ESL teaching1377 Words   |  6 Pagesand ‘drink’. D. GENERATIVE CONTEXT: Two pensioners are discussing the activities they did when they were younger. Model1: I used to ride a bike to work Model2: I used to read a lot of books. 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The cult film Trainspotting, based on Irvine Welshs book of the same title, offers an attractive case study as it represents a wide view of British youth culture by considering a large number of issues such as the critiques of consumerism, Thatcherism, class stratification and gender identities. The film portrays the lifestyle of a group of young drug addicts which places its emphasis on youth cultureRead More Technology Film Essay867 Words   |  4 Pages Technology Film Technology has had a huge impact on the world, especially the film industry. It has had a long past and as the technology advances, it becomes more and more realistic. It all began with the first machine patented in the United States that showed animated pictures or movies. It was called the â€Å"wheel of life† or â€Å"zoopraxiscope† and was patented in 1867 by William Lincoln. Moving drawings or photographs were watched through a slit in the zoopraxiscope. However, modern

The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 1716 Words

Although times and people change, people’s general thoughts and actions in comparable situations remain timeless. This statement should be considered when determining whether or not The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne should still be including in high school curriculum. Many people argue that it should not be; that the book is outdated and could in no way relate to the lives of the young adults reading the classic novel. In the story, Hester Prynne, a Puritan woman, commits the shameful act of adultery. Since she did in fact commit a sin, Hester is looked down upon by her community and is forced to wear a scarlet letter A on her chest as a constant reminder of her actions. Throughout the story, Hester is forced to live and deal with the repercussions of her sin from the townspeople as well the people relating to the sinful action. Although the plot and setting of seventeenth century Massachusetts do not seem to relate to teenagers reading the book, the themes and ideas p resented in the novel have eternal messages. Ideas pertaining to deception to maintain a reputation or for protection and the ongoing struggle of being accepted in society are themes that do not have an expiration date. Although The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne could seem like an outdated work of literature as it took place hundreds of years ago, it is still read and taught in high schools due to its portrayal of undying and universal themes. Due to the extreme pride people take in theirShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. 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She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. The Scarlet Letter is a revolutionary novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne examining the ugliness, complexity, and strength of the human spirit and character that shares new ideas about independence and the struggles women faced in 17th century America. Throughout the novel, Hester’s refusal to remove the scarlet letterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1319 Words   |  6 PagesPrynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are subject to this very notion in Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter. Hester simply accepted that what she had done was wrong, whereas Dimmesdale, being a man of high regard, did not want to accept the reality of what he did. Similar to Hester and Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth allows his emotions to influence his life; however, his influence came as the result of hi s anger. Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

Accounting Ethics free essay sample

The Bible and accounting have numerous similarities when it comes to ethics. First, let us take a look at the definition of ethics; â€Å"ethics are the beliefs that distinguish right from wrong. They are accepted standards of good and bad behavior† (Wild, p. 8). Therefore when comparing the two we are able to distinguish certain verses in the bible, with the code of ethics in accounting that are recognized in the accounting industry or any industry at that. There are a few verses that I would like to start off with, just to give the reader an idea of the many scriptures that pertain not only to accounting ethics but general code of ethics for any form of business. â€Å"You shall not steal; you shall not deal falsely; you shall not lie to one another† (Leviticus 19:11, English Standard Version). By examining the scripture we can identify how this relates to accounting ethics. We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting Ethics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For instances, Leviticus 19:11 explains that that we are not to steal, and basically deceive those who have decided to do business with us, when we compare that to accounting ethics it would describe a person or the organization misleading the buyer into thinking they are getting a great deal on a particular product when really the person/organization is deceiving them to get more money out of buyer. Another example would be a worker inputting more hours than they really worked in order to get paid more. This hurts the company and possibly the workers position if it is found out that the worker knowingly did this. The next verse that will be discussed will deal with the sex, diversity, religion of an individual that works for a company. â€Å"You shall not wrong a sojourner or oppress him, for you were sojourners in the land of Egypt† (Exodus 22:21). This verse describes the tendency people have in taunting others at the workplace for the following reasons; they may be of a different race, have different views when it comes to religion, or be a woman in a male dominant field. Either way discrimination is not acceptable in the workforce, â€Å"diversity is necessary if a firm wants fresh ideas, solid growth, and a positive image†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Friedman 2003). Those changes can only come with hiring different people who have different backgrounds and ideas, and without that the company itself will not stand out to potential clients. Lastly I will discuss competition within different companies. When it comes to competition for different companies one company may think that wiping out their fellow ompetition would be beneficial to their business when in fact it is immoral. â€Å"If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you shall bring it back to him. If you see the donkey of one who hates you lying down under its burden, you shall refrain from leaving him with it; you shall rescue it with him† (Exodus 23:4-5, English Standard Version). Basically what this scripture is trying to get across is that even though they are competition it is moral to compete in a friendly way. Making it a goal to destroy that company because they are competition is unethical. For instance, put yourself in the competitor’s shoes would you like it if your fellow competition was striving to put you out of business for their own personal gain? To be an honest company one must follow the ethics of the Bible, not only for personal reasons but to honor our Lord who will reward in the end.

Dont Judge Too Quickly! free essay sample

â€Å"Don’t be so quick to judge!† my mother always says. Every time we‘re served by a cranky waiter, elbowed unapologetically on the street, or rudely interrupted during a conversation, we immediately assume that these people who have spoiled our day with such acts of cruelty have a callous personality. But growing up, I was constantly reminded never to judge anyone based on behavior unless I am fully aware of the circumstances. I believe that the most judged person in the United States is its own President. Every speech and plan he formulates are dissected thoroughly by the public. Most troubling to me is that many Americans seem to evaluate the President too quickly. Once he makes an unfavorable decision, the public presumes that he is unfit for his position without considering the circumstances leading to the outcome. In the beginning of my third year in high school, I founded the American Red Cross Club. We will write a custom essay sample on Dont Judge Too Quickly! or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Automatically, I became its president to utilize my vision of strengthening the community. With years of volunteer experience, I wanted my classmates to feel the intimacy between themselves and the cause to be acquainted with New York City with a more compassionate approach. My mission for this club was to instill in them a sense of altruism so they continue volunteering after graduation. As one of many service clubs in Cardozo High School, I was accused by other clubs of â€Å"copying† them, so to speak. What they failed to realize was my previous participation in their clubs and events; but I envisioned a group more personally involved with the community. Yes, there were events like the AIDS Walk, March of Dimes, and Asthma Walk in which our clubs collided; however, my club organized clothing for Housing Works, hosted coat and book drives, planted trees in Idlewild Park for MillionTreesNYC, responded to letters for Operation Santa, and more plenty of which other organizations haven’t done. Instead of becoming acquainted with my club, they undermined my leadership potential, preferring to expose faults rather than achievements. Considering my club started during my junior year, I was often preoccupied with presidential errands amongst heavy schoolwork and exams. Thus, I allocated important duties with the board. Nevertheless, when something failed as in, having shortage of nurses throughout the Red Cross Club Blood Drive I was blamed. Little did my critics know that neither the school nor the Blood Center expected the drive to have much impact on the students. Even when the shortage was beyond my control, I was still under criticism by those who didn’t understand the situation. I organized this club to share my passion for volunteerism with classmates, not gain popularity as others suggested. I believe the President does everything possible to serve the needs of his country as I am to my community. When he defends a widely unpopular solution, I refuse to prejudge. I forgive the stranger who shoved me shamelessly on the bus, for I do not know of the circumstances.